Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiZiqinisekiso ezingezizo zeMagnetic zichaziwe

Ii-alloys zentsimbi ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-AISI 4145H kunye ne-4145H MOD, kunye neentsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic ezifana neentlobo ezingama-316 kunye ne-304, zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni izibambisi ezingezizo zemagnethi . Ezi ndawo zokuzinzisa azinamagnethi kwaye zihamba ngeendlela zonyango lobushushu eziphambili. Zikwanazo nezinto eziqinileyo zobugcisa obuphezulu, ezifana neengubo ezivela kumgca we-HF1000 ukuya kwi-HF5000. Izakhiwo ezineeleya ze-TiN/AlTiSiN ngumzekelo wonyango oluphambili lomphezulu oluphucula uzinzo lobushushu kunye nokuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic ngelixa zigcina ukuvuleka okuphantsi kwemagnethi okufunekayo ekubholeni ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukufunda Ngezixhobo Ezingezizo Ezisebenzisa Umazibuthe Ezisetyenziswa Ekwembiweni

Xa kugrunjwa amatye antsonkothileyo, ingakumbi ngexesha lokusebenza kwicala elithe tye nelithe tyaba, eli shishini lifuna umgangatho ophezulu wokuchaneka. Izixhobo ze-ferromagnetic zemveli zibangela iingxaki ezininzi nge-magnetic inclinometers kunye neenkqubo zokulinganisa-ngexesha lokugrumba (MWD), nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukufumana idatha echanekileyo kunye nokulawula icala elisecaleni.

Le ngxaki ingasonjululwa ngezinto ezingahambisi amandla emagnethi, ezihlala zine-permeability engaphantsi kwe-1.05 henries ngemitha. Olu phawu lugcina imitha ye-electromagnetic ingachaphazeli izixhobo ezibuthathaka zomngxuma ongaphantsi komhlaba ngelixa igcina amandla oomatshini afunekayo kwiimeko ezinzima zokugrumba.

Xa kugrunjwa amatye aqinileyo njengeendawo zokugcina igesi ye-shale okanye imithombo yolwandle olujulileyo, ukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu. Iinjineli kufuneka zifumane ulungelelwano phakathi kweempawu zento, ezinje ngamandla ayo okutsala, ukumelana nomhlwa, ukuzinza kobushushu, kunye neendleko zokuyenza.

Ezi zixhobo zikhethekileyo zisetyenziswa ngakumbi ziinkampani zanamhlanje zokugrumba ukuze zifumane indawo echanekileyo yokufaka imisele. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ekugrumbeni imisele emininzi, apho idatha yophando echanekileyo inefuthe ngqo kwindlela egrunjwa ngayo imisele ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuba ingakanani imveliso eyenziwayo.

I-AISI 4145H: Umgangatho woShishino

I-AISI 4145H yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo esetyenziselwa iziqinisi ezingezizo zemagnethi kuba inomxube ongcono weempawu zoomatshini kunye nezemagnethi. Umlinganiselo wamandla ukuya kubunzima bale ntsimbi ye-chromium-molybdenum alloy uphezulu kakhulu, kwaye isenomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wokuvuza kwemagnethi ukuze kusetyenziswe ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo.

Malunga ne-0.43 ukuya kwi-0.48% yokwakheka okusisiseko yikhabhoni, i-0.85 ukuya kwi-1.25% yi-chromium, kwaye i-0.15 ukuya kwi-0.25% yi-molybdenum. Ezi zinto zokudibanisa zinceda ekwenzeni isinyithi sibe nzima kwaye simelane nokuguguleka kunye nomonakalo ovela kwiimpembelelo kunye nokuguguleka ngexesha lokugrumba.

Ukulungiswa kwi-870–900°C kunye nokufudumala kwi-620–660°C ngamanyathelo eendlela zonyango lobushushu kwi-AISI 4145H. Le nkqubo ifumana iimpawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini, ezifana namandla okutsalwa angaphezu kwe-1000 MPa kunye namanqanaba okuqina afanelekileyo kwiindawo zokubhola ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Ubukhulu beenxalenye ze-AISI 4145H buhlala bugcinwa ngaphakathi kwe-±0.1mm ngexesha lokuveliswa, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukuba zihambelana ngokuchanekileyo nezixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokubhola. Amanqanaba oburhabaxa angaphantsi kwe-3.2 micrometers adla ngokufuneka ukuze kugqitywe umphezulu ukuze uxinzelelo lugcinwe luncinci kwaye iinxalenye zihlale ixesha elide.

Njengenxalenye yokulawula umgangatho, ukuvavanywa kwamasuntswana emagnethi, uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound, kunye nobungqina bobulukhuni kusetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi yemveliso ineempawu ezifanayo zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.

Izisombululo Ezintsha Zentsimbi Engagqwaliyo

Iintlobo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo yase-Austenitic 316 kunye ne-304 zingcono ekumelaneni nomhlwa kwiimeko ezinzima zokubhola kwaye zikwalungile kakhulu ekungabi namandla ombane. Xa kugrunjwa amatye ane-asidi okanye xa kukho umngxuma odibeneyo wexesha elide, ezi zinto ziluncedo kakhulu.

Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yebanga lama-316 yongezwe i-molybdenum kuyo ukuze ikwazi ukumelana nemingxuma kunye nokugqwala kwemigodi. Oku kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni ekubholeni phantsi kwamanzi, apho ukudibana kwamanzi anetyuwa kusoloko kuyingxaki. Isakhiwo sekristale ye-austenitic sihlala sizinzile kumanqanaba obushushu ahlukeneyo, sigcina iimpawu zaso ezingezizo zemagnethi nokuba amaqondo obushushu atshintsha ngokukhawuleza.

Ukutsalwa kwesisombululo kwi-1040–1120°C kunye nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza kusetyenziswa ukugcina isigaba se-austenitic kunye nokuthintela ukuna kwe-carbide ngexesha lokucubungula. Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba isinyithi simelana kakhulu nokugqwala ngelixa sisagcina iimpawu zoomatshini ezifunekayo kwimithwalo yokugrumba.

Unyango lomphezulu olufana nokudlulisa umbane kunye nokupholisha nge-electro kwenza izinto zingabi nagqwala kwaye zonyuse ukumelana kwazo nokungqubana. La manyathelo asusa ukungcola nezinye izinto eziphezulu aze akhe amaleko alinganayo e-oxide akhusela izinto ezingezantsi kulwelo oluqinileyo lokugrumba.

Xa ucinga ngexabiso, ukhetho lwentsimbi engagqwaliyo ludla ngokufuna ukujongwa ngononophelo iindleko zizonke zobunini, eziquka izinto ezifana nobomi obude benkonzo kunye neemfuno ezincinci zokugcinwa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto.

Izinto eziqinileyo kunye nokukhuselwa komphezulu

Izixhobo eziqinileyo eziqala kwi-HF1000 ukuya kwi-HF5000 series zibonelela ngokhuseleko olubalulekileyo lokuguguleka kwezinto ezingezizo ezemagnethi . Ezi alloys zikhethekileyo zidibanisa i-tungsten carbide, i-chromium carbide, kunye nezinye izigaba ezinzima ngaphakathi kwezinto eziqinileyo ze-matrix ukumelana nokuguguleka okurhabaxa ekudibaneni kokwakheka.

• Izixhobo zochungechunge lwe-HF1000 zihlala ziqulathe i-25-35% ye-tungsten carbide kwi-cobalt-chromium matrix, inika ukumelana nokuguguleka okuphakathi okufanelekileyo kwiifom ezithambileyo ukuya kweziphakathi. Ubunzima obuphantsi be-45-50 HRC buvumela ukulungiswa kwentsimi kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona ngelixa kugcinwa ubomi benkonzo efanelekileyo.
• Uthotho lwe-HF3000 kunye ne-HF4000 zimele ukhetho lobunzima obuphakathi olunexabiso le-50-60 HRC olufunyenwe ngokwandisa umxholo we-carbide kunye nokulungiswa kwe-matrix compositions. Ezi zinto zibalaseleyo kwiifom ezirhabaxa ngelixa zigcina ukuqina okwaneleyo ukumelana nomonakalo obangelwa kukungcangcazela kokubhola.
• Uthotho lwe-HF5000 lubonelela ngokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu kunye namaxabiso obulukhuni angaphezulu kwe-60 HRC ngokusebenzisa ukusasazwa kwe-tungsten carbide exineneyo kunye neenkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokubopha. Olu didi lufaneleka kakhulu kwiindlela ezirhabaxa apho ukunciphisa izinga lokuguguleka kuqinisekisa ukunyuka kwexabiso lezinto.

Iindlela zokusetyenziswa ziquka ukuwelda kwe-arc edluliselwe kwi-plasma, ukugqunywa nge-laser, kunye neenkqubo zokutshiza ngobushushu. Indlela nganye inika iingenelo ezithile malunga nokufakwa kobushushu, ulawulo lokuxutywa, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso ngokusekelwe kwi-geometry yecandelo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza.

Ubuchwephesha boNyango oluphezulu

Iitekhnoloji zonyango lomphezulu eziphucukileyo ziphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nobude bexesha lezinto ezingezizo zemagnethi.

• Iinkqubo zokufakwa komphunga ngokwasemzimbeni (i-PVD) zenza iingubo ezibhityileyo kakhulu ezinobunzima obungaqhelekanga kunye nokuzinza kobushushu ngelixa zigcina iimpawu zemagnethi zezinto ezingaphantsi.
• Iingubo zeTiN (Titanium Nitride) zibonelela ngokumelana nokuguguleka okugqwesileyo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kweekhemikhali, kunye nobukhulu bengubo buhlala buqala kwii-micrometer ezi-2-5. Ingubo enemibala yegolide inika isibonakaliso sokuguguleka okubonakalayo ngelixa igcina ukuthembeka kwengubo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokugrumba.
• Izakhiwo ze-AlTiSiN ezineengqimba ezininzi zimele ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokugquma obufezekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ezi ngcingo zigcina amaxabiso obulukhuni angaphezu kwama-30 GPa nokuba kumaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwama-800°C, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kokugrumba kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
• Iindlela zokutshiza ngemagnetron kunye neendlela zokufakelwa kwee-ion zivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo malunga nokwakheka kwengubo kunye nesakhiwo sayo. Ezi nkqubo zenza iingubo ezixineneyo nezinamathelayo ezineembobo ezincinci kunye namandla amahle okubopha i-substrate.
• Unyango emva kokugquma oluquka ukupholisha imisebe ye-ion kunye nokuguqulwa komphezulu nge-laser luphucula ngakumbi iipropati zomphezulu kubandakanya ukunciphisa ukungqubana kunye nokuphucula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu.

Ulawulo loMgangatho kunye neMigangatho yoVavanyo

Iindlela zokulawula umgangatho ezipheleleyo ziqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezingezizo ezisebenzisa imagnethi zihlala zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zithembekile. Ukusebenzisa ii-gaussmeters ezichanekileyo ukuvavanya i-magnetic permeability kuqinisekisa ukuba imida ebekwe ngumgangatho iyafezekiswa. Ngokwesiqhelo, amanani angaphantsi kwe-1.02 relative permeability ayafuneka.

Ukujonga iimpawu zoomatshini, ungenza uvavanyo loxinzelelo, uvavanyo lwempembelelo, kunye nohlalutyo lokudinwa ngemithwalo yokubhoboza ebonakalayo. Olu vavanyo lubonisa indlela eziza kuziphatha ngayo izinto xa zilayishwa kwaye zithululwa ngendlela eguquguqukayo, kwaye zikwaqinisekisa izinto zokhuseleko zoyilo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic kweziphene zangaphakathi, ukuhlolwa kwamasuntswana emagnethi kweziphene zomphezulu, kunye nokujonga ubukhulu ngezixhobo zokulinganisa ezilungelelanisiweyo zonke ziyimizekelo yeendlela zokuvavanya ezingonakalisiyo. Olu vavanyo lufumana iindlela zokusilela ezinokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziswe entsimini.

Uphononongo lwe-spectroscopic lwendlela yokwakheka kweekhemikhali lubonisa ukuba ubungakanani be-alloy bukwizinga elamkelekileyo. Olu vavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ziyafana kwiindawo zokuvelisa kwaye luqinisekisa ukuba unyango lobushushu luyasebenza.

Uvavanyo lokusingqongileyo lulinganisa iimeko ezikhoyo phantsi komhlaba, ezinje ngokutshintsha kwamaqondo obushushu, ukuchatshazelwa zizinto ezinobuthi, kunye notshintsho kuxinzelelo. Olu vavanyo lukhawulezayo luzama ukuqikelela ukuba into iza kusebenza kakuhle kangakanani kwixesha elide kwaye lufumane iindlela ezinokuwohloka ngayo.

Iingcinga ngoqoqosho kunye nokunciphisa iindleko

Kuyo yonke imihla yokusebenza kokugrumba, ukhetho malunga nokuba zeziphi izixhobo eziza kusetyenziswa kufuneka lulinganise imfuneko yokusebenza kakuhle kunye nesidingo sokuhlala ngaphakathi kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Xa ucinga ngobomi benkonzo, iimfuno zokugcinwa, kunye notshintsho ekusebenzeni kakuhle, ixabiso lokuqala lezixhobo liyinxalenye encinci yexabiso lilonke lobunini.

Ukhetho lwentsimbi engenamagineti ludla ngokubiza ngaphezulu kunee-alloys zentsimbi eziqhelekileyo, kodwa zihlala ixesha elide kwaye akufuneki zitshintshwe rhoqo, ngoko ke imali eyongezelelweyo idla ngokuba yingenelo. Uphononongo olunzulu lweendleko kufuneka lujonge indlela yokonga ixesha, ukwenza izixhobo zihlale ixesha elide, kunye nokufumana imilinganiselo echanekileyo.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziqinileyo kunempembelelo enkulu kwixabiso lokuqala kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo xa zisetyenziswa. Izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokuphinda kabini ixabiso lezinye iindawo, kodwa zinokwandisa ubomi benkonzo ngama-300 ukuya kuma-500% kwiindawo ezinzima, nto leyo egcina imali eninzi ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Ukuphucula inkqubo yokuvelisa ngokusebenzisa imijikelo yonyango lobushushu engcono, iindlela zokusika eziphucukileyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kokugqiba okusebenzayo kunokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso ngelixa kugcinwa imigangatho yomgangatho iphezulu. Olu tshintsho lwenza amaxabiso akhuphisane ngakumbi kwaye lwenze iimveliso zithembeke ngakumbi, nto leyo ilungele abavelisi kunye nabasebenzisi bokugqibela.

Uyilo lwezinto ezisemgangathweni kunye nokuseta imikhono enokutshintshwa zizicwangciso ezimbini zolawulo lwempahla ezinciphisa isidingo sokugcinwa kwempahla ngelixa ziqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi ephambili ingaqhubeka.

isiphelo

Xa ukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwe-non-magnetic stabilizer, kufuneka ucinge ngononophelo malunga neempawu zazo zoomatshini, iimpawu zemagnethi, ukumelana nokusingqongileyo, kunye neendleko. Iintsimbi ezingenasici ze-Austenitic kunye nee-alloys ze-AISI 4145H zisetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwimisebenzi emininzi yokugrumba. Izixhobo ezintsha zokulungisa izinto eziqinileyo kunye nonyango lomphezulu nazo zisetyenzisiwe ukwenza iindawo zihlale ixesha elide kumatye anzima. Iinkqubo zokulawula umgangatho ziqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokugrumba isebenza kakuhle kwaye ithembekile kuyo yonke ijikelezo layo lobomi. Ukwazi ngezi zinketho zezinto kukuvumela ukuba wenze ukhetho olukrelekrele oluphucula ukusebenza kokugrumba ngelixa ugcina iindleko ziphantsi.

Khetha i-WELONG njengoMvelisi wakho othembekileyo we-Non-Magnetic Stabilizer

I-WELONG imele njengomthengisi ophambili we-non-magnetic stabilizer onamava angaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 yokuvelisa. Iziqinisekiso zethu ze-ISO 9001-2015 kunye ne-API 7-1 ziqinisekisa iinkqubo zokulawula umgangatho ezihambelanayo kunye neeshedyuli zokuhambisa ezithembekileyo. Sinikezela ngeenkonzo ezibanzi zokwenza ngokwezifiso, izakhiwo zeendleko ezikhuphisanayo, kunye nezisombululo zokuthumela kwihlabathi liphela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho ezithile zokubhola. Nxibelelana neqela lethu leengcali ku- [email protected] ukuze uxoxe ngeemfuno zakho ze-non-magnetic stabilizer.

Ucaphulo

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