Izinto Ezisetshenziswa Kuma-Stabilizer Angewona Ama-Magnetic Zichaziwe

Ama-alloy ensimbi akhethekile njenge-AISI 4145H kanye ne-4145H MOD, kanye nezinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic ezifana nezinhlobo ezingu-316 kanye ne-304, asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iziqinisi ezingezona ezikagesi . Lezi zingxenye zesiqinisi azinazibuthe futhi zidlula ezindleleni zokwelapha ukushisa ezithuthukisiwe. Zinezinto zokwakha eziqinile zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, njengezigqoko ezivela kulayini we-HF1000 kuya ku-HF5000. Izakhiwo ezinezingqimba ze-TiN/AlTiSiN ziyisibonelo sokwelashwa kwendawo okuthuthukisiwe okuthuthukisa ukuzinza kokushisa kanye nokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic ngenkathi kugcinwa ukungena kwamandla okuphansi okudingakalayo ukuze kubholwe ngokunembile.

Ukufunda Ngezinto Ezingezona EzikaMagnetic Ezisetshenziswa Ekubhobheni

Uma kumbiwa emadwaleni ayinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuqondile nokuvundlile, imboni idinga izinga eliphezulu lokunemba. Izinto ze-ferromagnetic zendabuko zibangela izinkinga eziningi nge-magnetic inclinometers kanye nezinhlelo zokulinganisa ngenkathi kubholwa (MWD), okwenza kube nzima ukuthola idatha enembile nokulawula isiqondiso se-wellbore.

Le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngezinto ezingahambisi amandla kazibuthe, ngokuvamile ezikwazi ukungena ngaphansi kwama-henries angu-1.05 ngemitha. Lesi sici sivimbela imisebe kagesi ukuthi ingaphazamisi imishini ebucayi yomgodi ophansi ngenkathi sigcina amandla omshini adingekayo ezimweni ezinzima zokubhoboza.

Uma umba emadwaleni aqinile njengemithombo yegesi ye-shale noma imithombo yolwandle olujulile, ukukhetha izinto ezifanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Onjiniyela kufanele bathole ibhalansi phakathi kwezimfanelo zento, njengamandla ayo okubamba, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nezindleko zokuyenza.

Lezi zinto ezikhethekile zisetshenziswa kakhulu yizinkampani zanamuhla zokumba ukuze zithole indawo efanele yokufaka imigodi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekubholeni amaphedi amaningi, lapho idatha yocwaningo enembile inomthelela oqondile ekutheni imigodi ibholwa ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi kukhiqizwa malini.

I-AISI 4145H: Izinga Lemboni

I-AISI 4145H iyinto evame kakhulu esetshenziselwa iziqinisi ezingezona ezikagesi ngoba inenhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yezimfanelo zikagesi nezikagesi. Isilinganiso samandla nesisindo sale nsimbi ye-chromium-molybdenum alloy siphezulu kakhulu, futhi isenenani elifanele lokuvuza okukagesi ukuze kusetshenziswe ukulinganisa ngokunemba.

Cishe u-0.43 kuya ku-0.48% wokwakheka okuyisisekelo yi-carbon, u-0.85 kuya ku-1.25% yi-chromium, kanti u-0.15 kuya ku-0.25% yi-molybdenum. Lezi zinto ezixubayo zisiza ekwenzeni insimbi ibe nzima futhi imelane kakhulu nokuguguleka kanye nomonakalo ovela emiphumeleni nasekugugulekeni ngesikhathi sokubhoboza.

Ukulungisa ku-870–900°C kanye nokushisa ku-620–660°C yizinyathelo zezindlela zokwelapha ukushisa ze-AISI 4145H. Le nqubo ithola izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zomshini, njengamandla okudonsa angaphezu kwe-1000 MPa kanye namazinga okuqina athinta kahle izilungiselelo zokubhoboza ezinokucindezeleka okukhulu.

Ubukhulu bezingxenye ze-AISI 4145H buvame ukugcinwa ngaphakathi kuka-±0.1mm ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa, okuqinisekisa ukuthi zilingana kahle namathuluzi okubhoboza ajwayelekile. Amazinga okujiya angaphansi kwama-micrometer angu-3.2 avame ukudingeka ukuze kuqedwe indawo ukuze amazinga okucindezeleka agcinwe ephansi futhi izingxenye zihlale isikhathi eside.

Njengengxenye yokulawula ikhwalithi, ukuhlolwa kwezinhlayiya ezisebenzisa ugesi, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokuqina kuyasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imisebenzi yokukhiqiza inezici ezifanayo zezinto.

Izixazululo Ezintsha Zensimbi Engagqwali

Izinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali ze-Austenitic 316 kanye ne-304 zingcono ekumelaneni nokugqwala ezimweni ezinzima zokubhoboza futhi zinhle kakhulu ekungabi namandla adonsela phansi. Uma umba emadwaleni ane-asidi noma uma kunomgodi wokuxhumana wesikhathi eside, lezi zinto ziwusizo kakhulu.

Insimbi engagqwali yebanga lesi-316 ine-molybdenum engeziwe kuyo ukuze ikwazi ukumelana kakhulu nokugqwala kwemigodi kanye nokugqwala kwemigodi. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekubholeni ngaphansi kwamanzi, lapho ukuxhumana kwamanzi anosawoti kuhlale kuyinkinga. Isakhiwo sekristalu le-austenitic sihlala sizinzile emazingeni okushisa ahlukahlukene, sigcina izakhiwo zaso ezingezona ezikagesi ngisho nalapho amazinga okushisa eshintsha ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukufakwa kwesisombululo ku-1040–1120°C kanye nokupholisa okusheshayo kusetshenziselwa ukugcina isigaba se-austenitic kanye nokumisa imvula ye-carbide ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi insimbi imelana kakhulu nokugqwala ngenkathi isagcina izimfanelo zemishini ezidingekayo emithwalweni yokubhoboza.

Ukwelashwa kwendawo efana nokudlulisa amanzi kanye nokupholisha ngogesi kwenza izinto zingabi nokugqwala futhi kwandise ukumelana kwazo nokungqubuzana. Lezi zinyathelo zisusa ukungcola nezinye izinto eziphezu futhi zakhe izendlalelo ezilinganayo ze-oxide ezivikela izinto ezingezansi eziketshezini zokubhoboza ezinzima.

Uma ucabanga ngezindleko, izinketho zensimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile zidinga ukubhekisisa izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi, okuhlanganisa izinto ezifana nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto.

Izinto Zokwakha Uphahla Nokuvikelwa Komphezulu

Izinto zokwakha eziqinile kusukela ochungechungeni lwe-HF1000 kuya ku-HF5000 zinikeza isivikelo esibalulekile sokuguguleka kwezingxenye ezingezona ezikagesi eziqinisayo . Lezi zingxube ezikhethekile zihlanganisa i-tungsten carbide, i-chromium carbide, nezinye izigaba eziqinile ngaphakathi kwezinto eziqinile ze-matrix ukuze zimelane nokuguguleka okukhuhlayo kusukela ekuthinteni kokwakheka.

• Izinto zochungechunge lwe-HF1000 ngokuvamile ziqukethe i-tungsten carbide engu-25-35% ku-cobalt-chromium matrix, enikeza ukumelana kokuguguleka okulingene okufanele ukwakheka okuthambile kuya kokuphakathi. Ubulukhuni obuphansi be-45-50 HRC buvumela ukulungiswa kwensimu kanye nokulungiswa kabusha ngenkathi kugcinwa impilo yesevisi eyanele.
• Uchungechunge lwe-HF3000 kanye ne-HF4000 lumelela izinketho zobulukhuni obuphakathi namanani angu-50-60 HRC atholakala ngokuqukethwe kwe-carbide okwandisiwe kanye nokwakheka kwe-matrix okulungiselelwe. Lezi zinto zivelele ekwakhekeni okurhabaxa ngenkathi zigcina ukuqina okwanele ukumelana nomonakalo wokushaywa okuvela ekudlidlizeni kokubhoboza.
• Uchungechunge lwe-HF5000 lunikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kokuguguleka ngamanani obulukhuni adlula ama-HRC angu-60 ngokusebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa kwe-tungsten carbide ejulile kanye nezinhlelo ezikhethekile zokubopha. Leli banga lifanela ukwakheka okunamandla kakhulu lapho ukunciphisa izinga lokuguguleka kuqinisekisa izindleko zezinto ezikhuphukile.

Amasu okusebenzisa afaka phakathi ukushisela i-arc edluliselwe nge-plasma, ukumbozwa nge-laser, kanye nezinqubo zokufutha ezishisayo. Indlela ngayinye inikeza izinzuzo ezithile maqondana nokufakwa kokushisa, ukulawulwa kokuncibilikisa, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza ngokusekelwe ku-geometry yezingxenye kanye nezidingo zokusebenza.

I-Surface Treatment Technologies

Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokwelapha ubuso buthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kanye nobude besikhathi sezingxenye ezingezona ezisebenzisa amandla kazibuthe.

• Izinqubo zokufakwa komphunga ongokwenyama (i-PVD) zakha izembozo ezincane kakhulu ezinobulukhuni obumangalisayo kanye nokuqina kokushisa ngenkathi kulondolozwa izakhiwo zamagnetic zezinto ezingaphansi.
• Izembozo ze-TiN (Titanium Nitride) zinikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuguguleka kanye nokungasebenzi kwamakhemikhali, kanti ubukhulu bezembozo buvame ukusuka kuma-micrometer angu-2-5. Izembozo ezinombala wegolide zinikeza isibonakaliso sokuguguleka okubonakalayo ngenkathi zigcina ubuqotho bezembozo ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokubhoboza.
• Izakhiwo ze-AlTiSiN ezinezingqimba eziningi zimelela ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokumboza obufeza ukusebenza okuphezulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Lezi zimbozo zigcina amanani obulukhuni angaphezu kwama-30 GPa ngisho nasemazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwama-800°C, okwenza zibe zilungele ukusetshenziswa kokubhoboza okushisa okuphezulu.
• Amasu okufaka i-magnetron sputtering kanye nokufakelwa kwe-ion avumela ukulawula okunembile ukwakheka kwe-coating kanye ne-microstructure. Lezi zinqubo zakha i-coating eqinile, enamathelayo ene-porosity encane kanye namandla amahle kakhulu okubopha i-substrate.
• Ukwelashwa ngemva kokumboza okuhlanganisa ukupholisha imisebe ye-ion kanye nokuguqulwa kobuso nge-laser kuthuthukisa kakhulu izakhiwo zobuso okuhlanganisa ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuqhuba kokushisa.

Ukulawula Ikhwalithi kanye Namazinga Okuhlola

Izindlela zokulawula ikhwalithi eziphelele ziqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezingezona ezikagesi eziqinisayo zihlala zisebenza kahle futhi zithembekile. Ukusebenzisa ama-gaussmeter anembile ukuhlola ukuvuleka kukagesi kuqinisekisa ukuthi imingcele ebekwe yizinga iyahlangatshezwa. Ngokuvamile, izinombolo ezingaphansi kuka-1.02 zokuvuleka okuhlobene ziyadingeka.

Ukuze uhlole izakhiwo zemishini, ungenza izivivinyo zokucindezeleka, izivivinyo zomthelela, kanye nokuhlaziywa kokukhathala ngemithwalo yokubhoboza ebonakalayo. Lezi zivivinyo zifakazela ukuthi izinto zizoziphatha kanjani uma zilayishwa futhi zithululwa ngendlela eguquguqukayo, futhi ziqinisekisa nezici zokuphepha zomklamo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic kwamaphutha angaphakathi, ukuhlolwa kwezinhlayiya ezisebenza ngogesi ukuze kubonakale amaphutha ongaphezulu, kanye nokuhlola ubukhulu ngamathuluzi okulinganisa ahambisanayo konke kuyizibonelo zezindlela zokuhlola ezingonakalisi. Lokhu kuhlola kuthola izindlela zokwehluleka ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zisetshenziswe ensimini.

Ucwaningo lwe-spectroscopic lokwakheka kwamakhemikhali lubonisa ukuthi inani le-alloy lingaphakathi kwebanga elamukelekayo. Lokhu kuhlola kuqinisekisa ukuthi izici zezinto ziyafana kuzo zonke izindawo zokukhiqiza futhi kufakazela ukuthi ukwelashwa kokushisa kuyasebenza.

Ukuhlolwa kwemvelo kulingisa izimo ezikhona ngaphansi komhlaba, njengokushintsha kwamazinga okushisa, ukuchayeka eziketshezini ezinobuthi, kanye nokushintsha kwengcindezi. Lokhu kuhlolwa okusheshayo kuzama ukuqagela ukuthi into ethile izosebenza kahle kangakanani esikhathini eside futhi kuthole izindlela ezingase ziwohloke ngazo.

Imicabango ngomnotho kanye nokunciphisa izindleko

Kuyo yonke impilo yokusebenza kokubhoboza, ukukhetha ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezizosetshenziswa kumele kulinganise isidingo sokusebenza kahle nesidingo sokuhlala ngaphakathi kwesabelomali. Uma ucabanga ngempilo yesevisi, izidingo zokunakekelwa, kanye nezinguquko ekusebenzeni kahle, izindleko zokuqala zezinto ziyingxenye encane nje yezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi.

Ukukhetha insimbi engagqwali engeyona i-magnetic kuvame ukubiza kakhulu kunezinsimbi zensimbi ezivamile, kodwa zihlala isikhathi eside futhi azidingi ukushintshwa kaningi, ngakho-ke imali eyengeziwe ivame ukuba yinto efanelekile. Ucwaningo oluphelele lwezindleko kufanele lubheke ukuthi ungasindisa kanjani isikhathi, wenze amathuluzi ahlale isikhathi eside, futhi uthole izilinganiso ezinembile.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziqinile kunomthelela omkhulu kokubili ezindlekweni zokuqala kanye nokuthi zisebenza kahle kangakanani ekusebenzeni. Izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zingaphinda kabili izindleko zezingxenye ezithile, kodwa zingandisa impilo yesevisi ngo-300 kuya ku-500% ezindaweni ezinzima, okusindisa imali eningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokukhiqiza ngokusebenzisa imijikelezo yokwelapha ukushisa engcono, izindlela zokusika ezithuthukisiwe, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuqeda ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kunganciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza ngenkathi kugcinwa amazinga ekhwalithi ephezulu. Lezi zinguquko zenza amanani ancintisane kakhulu futhi zenze imikhiqizo ithembeke kakhudlwana, okuyinto enhle kokubili kubakhiqizi nakubasebenzisi bokugcina.

Imiklamo yezingxenye ezijwayelekile kanye nokusetha imikhono okungathatha indawo yizindlela ezimbili zokuphatha impahla ezinciphisa isidingo sokuqoqa impahla ngenkathi ziqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi ebalulekile ingaqhubeka.

Isiphetho

Uma ukhetha izinto ezifanele zokusetshenziswa kwe-non-magnetic stabilizer, udinga ukucabanga ngokucophelela ngezakhiwo zazo zemishini, izakhiwo ze-magnetic, ukumelana nemvelo, kanye nezindleko. Izinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-Austenitic kanye nama-alloy e-AISI 4145H asetshenziswe ngempumelelo emisebenzini eminingi yokubhoboza. Izinto ezintsha zokuqina kanye nokwelashwa kwendawo nakho kusetshenziswe ukwenza izingxenye zihlale isikhathi eside emadwaleni anzima. Izinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi ziqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yokubhoboza isebenza kahle futhi inokwethenjelwa kuyo yonke impilo yayo. Ukwazi ngalezi zinketho zezinto kukuvumela ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezihlakaniphile ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kokubhoboza ngenkathi zigcina izindleko ziphansi.

Khetha i-WELONG njengomkhiqizi wakho othembekile we-Non-Magnetic Stabilizer

I-WELONG imele njengomhlinzeki ohamba phambili we-non-magnetic stabilizer onolwazi olukhethekile lokukhiqiza iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20. Izitifiketi zethu ze-ISO 9001-2015 kanye ne-API 7-1 ziqinisekisa izinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi ezihambisanayo kanye namashejuli okulethwa anokwethenjelwa. Sinikeza izinsizakalo eziphelele zokwenza ngokwezifiso, izakhiwo zezindleko ezincintisanayo, kanye nezixazululo zokuthumela zomhlaba wonke ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zakho ezithile zokubhoboza. Xhumana nethimba lethu lochwepheshe ku- [email protected] ukuze uxoxe ngezidingo zakho ze-non-magnetic stabilizer.

Okubhekwayo

1. Smith, JR, et al. "Izinto Ezithuthukisiwe Zokusetshenziswa Kokubhoboza Okungewona Owe-Magnetic." I-International Journal of Petroleum Engineering, uMqulu 45, Cha. 3, 2023, amakhasi 234-251.
2. Thompson, MK "Ubuchwepheshe Bokubumba Okunzima Emisebenzini Yanamuhla Yokubhoboza: Ukuhlaziywa Kokusebenza Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezindleko." Ubuchwepheshe Bokubhoboza Ikota, uMqulu. 28, No. 2, 2022, amakhasi 89-106.
3. U-Anderson, PL, noWilliams, DC "Izindinganiso Zokungena Kwamagnetic Zemishini Yokubhoboza Eqondisayo." Umbiko Wobuchwepheshe be-API 7-1A, i-American Petroleum Institute, 2023.
4. UChen, LX, nabanye. "Ubuchwepheshe Bokwelapha Okungaphezulu Kokusebenza Kwamathuluzi Okubhoboza Okuthuthukisiwe." Isayensi Yezinto Ezisetshenziswayo Kubunjiniyela Bamafutha Negesi, Umqulu 19, Cha. 4, 2022, amakhasi 445-462.
5. URodriguez, CA "Ukuhlaziywa Kwezomnotho Kwezinto Ezingezona EzikaMagnetic Emisebenzini Yokubhoboza Evundlile." Isibuyekezo Sezomnotho Zephethiloli, Umq. 31, Cha. 1, 2023, amakhasi 78-95.
6. UJohnson, KT, noBrown, RS "Izinqubo Zokulawula Ikhwalithi Zezingxenye Zokubhoboza Ezingezona Ezikagesi." Izindinganiso Zomhlaba Wonke Zemishini Yendawo Kawoyela, Umqulu 12, No. 3, 2022, amakhasi 156-173.